REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA DE ENSAIOS CLÍNICOS RANDOMIZADOS E QUASE EXPERIMENTAIS ACERCA DA PREVENÇÃO DE LESÕES POR PRESSÃO

Abstract

Introduction: Considered as damage to the skin and/or underlying soft tissues that usually occur over a bony prominence, pressure lesions are caused by negative pressure between the bed and the patient by friction and shear or even by the three correlated factors (pressure, friction and shear). Objective: To identify in the literature which are the interventions of greater scientific evidence applied to the prevention of pressure injuries in nursing care practice. Method: Integrative review of the literature, using the strategy PICO - P (population/patient), I (intervention), C (control/comparison) and O (outcome), of randomized and almost experimental clinical trials published between 2001 and 2021, in any language, available in the databases PubMed, BVS, LILACS, Scielo, MEDLINE and BDENF used the descriptors pressure ulcer, prevention (prevention) and nursing (nursing) alternated with boolean operators AND and OR duly registered in DeCS/MESH. Results: Of the eight selected articles, seven (87.5%) randomized clinical trials and one (12.5%) was non-randomized (almost experimental). Conclusion: The transparent polyurethane film was the most impactintervention, followed by multilayer soft silicone foam, Aloe Vera gel and static air support surface. The one with the lowest impact was the one that determined the repositioning frequency. Few free studies. Apparently old statistics. We hope that research will contribute to the scientific world.