Alternativas Sustentáveis para o Gerenciamento de Painéis Solares ao Final de sua Vida Útil: Uma Análise dos Meios de Reciclagem

Abstract

The growing adoption of solar energy is driven by its sustainability and low pollutant emissions. However, at the end of their useful life, solar panels need to be disposed of properly to avoid negative environmental impacts. Recycling these materials is a promising alternative, as more than 90% of the components of the panels can be recovered. Despite being a clean and renewable source of energy, solar panels have a limited lifespan, typically between 25 and 30 years. The main goal of this study is to analyze existing recycling methods for solar panels once they reach the end of their life. Specific objectives include: identifying which materials used in photovoltaic panels can be recycled; examining the recycling technologies for photovoltaic panels currently available in the market; and discussing how the leading countries that use photovoltaic energy handle panel recycling after the end of their useful life. The study aims to highlight the importance of developing and implementing recycling solutions that ensure the long-term environmental and economic sustainability of solar energy. The research is a bibliographic study based on an analysis of scientific articles already published by the Brazilian scientific community to analyze, interpret, identify, and compile data on this topic. In conclusion, it is found that recycling not only helps reduce the demand for precious materials such as silver but also provides a sustainable alternative for the production of new devices.