VIABILIDADE DE IMPLANTAÇÃO DE UMA MICRO-HIDRELÉTRICA NA FAZENDA BAHIA: Análise Técnica, Econômica e Ambiental

Abstract

This work aims to analyze the technical, economic and environmental solutions for implementing a micro-hydroelectric plant at Fazenda Bahia, located in the region of Teófilo Otoni, MG. The project seeks to meet local energy demand in a sustainable way, using the water potential of the watercourse present on the property. The methodology used included a case study with collection and analysis of technical data, such as average flow and head of fall, in addition to calculations for turbine and generator sizing. A Banki turbine, known for its efficiency and low environmental impact, and a three-phase synchronous generator, capable of meeting the energy demand of 35 kW, were selected. The results showed that the micro-hydroelectric plant is viable, with an estimated electrical power of 40.1 kW and a financial return of between 1.5 and 3.5 years, considering an estimated annual savings of R$ 241,920.00. Environmental analyzes had reduced impacts, as long as mitigating measures, such as maintaining ecological flow and installing fish passages, are broken. It is concluded that the project is a sustainable alternative for rural properties, contributing to energy self-sufficiency and regional development. Furthermore, this study reinforces the potential of micro-hydroelectric plants as a viable solution for distributed generation, aligned with the principles of environmental and economic sustainability.