O FIM DAS COTAS RACIAIS NO BRASIL:IMPACTOS SOCIAIS, ECONÔMICOS E EDUCACIONAIS

Abstract

Affirmative action policies, implemented since the early 2000s, have shown positive effectsinpromotingsocialinclusionandcorrectinghistoricalinequalities.Contributing to cultural and ethnic diversity in the academic environment, the increased presence of Black, mixed-race, Indigenous, and other historically marginalized students has enriched the educational experience, fostering a more comprehensive learning environment prepared for the plurality of Brazilian society.However, there are significant criticisms of racial quotas. Some argue that these policies can perpetuate racial divisions and compromise the principle of meritocracy, suggesting that emphasizing race as a selection criterion can reinforce racial differences, generate resentment among non-benefited groups, and undermine the incentive for individual effort. There are also concerns that quotas may result in the admission of less- prepared students, potentially affecting the quality of higher education.Therefore,it is imperative that any decision regarding the continuity or discontinuation of racial quotas be carefully considered, taking into account all the social, economic, and educational aspects involved. The analysis must be guided by a clear understanding of the constitutional principles of equality and social justice, as well as the historical and contemporary realities that shape Brazilian society. Only then will it be possibleto accurately assess the benefits and challenges of affirmative action policies.In conclusion, the debate over racial quotas in Brazil requires a balanced and well- founded approach that recognizes both the achievements and the criticisms and challenges presented. The final decision must be guided by a commitment to promoting equal opportunities and building a more just and inclusive society, always based on solid evidence and broad, participatory dialogue.