APLICAÇÃO DO FMEA EM ANÁLISE DE MODOS DE FALHAS EM SISTEMA DE FREIO DE VAGÃO CARGA GERAL

Abstract

The brake systems of general cargo cars have a high importance in the safety of operations, acting together with the locomotives, promoting the control of train provisions within the operational limits. In the case of train cars, the brake system needs to be designed to keep the entire train balanced on the ramps, without causing any damage to the wheels or the balance of the whole as a whole. Brake failures can cause serious damage, compromising cargo, safety, operation and the environment. In the Center-East corridor, failures in the brake system represent the majority of restrictions on the wagons, impacting physical availability, the high number of maneuvers and the cost of maintenance. The article aims to present a study of failure modes in a freight car brake system in the Center-East corridor. The tool used in the analysis was the FMEA (Analysis of Failure Modes and their Effects), which consists of assembling a classification of the brake system components, their failure modes and organizing them in a priority matrix. The survey data were obtained through the history of faults in the corridor, bibliographic research and field data collection by employees and experts in the railway sector. The purpose of the article is to identify the main failure modes that occur in the components of the brake system using the RPN (Risk Priority Number), thus being able to propose actions to reduce the risks to the operations.